|
Admiral of the Fleet Sir Cecil Burney, 1st Baronet, (15 May 1858 – 5 June 1929) was a Royal Navy officer. After seeing action as a junior office in naval brigades during both the Anglo-Egyptian War and the Mahdist War, he commanded a cruiser in operational service during the Second Boer War. As a flag officer he commanded the Plymouth Division of the Home Fleet, the 5th Cruiser Squadron, the Atlantic Fleet and then the 3rd Battle Squadron. In April 1913 Montenegro seized control of Scutari in the latest round of hostilities between the Ottoman Empire and Montenegro during the closing stages of the First Balkan War. In April 1913 Burney was sent as temporary Second-in-Command of the Mediterranean Fleet to Antivari on the coast of Montenegro to take command of the international naval force despatched to deal with this situation. On arrival he blockaded Antivari and then also commanded the international force occupying Scutari as part of its transition to Albanian control. He was well rewarded with honours for the success of this mission. On the outbreak of the First World War Burney became Commander-in-Chief of the Channel Fleet. In that role he ensured the safe passage of the British Expeditionary Force to France. He went on to be commander of the 1st Battle Squadron commanding the squadron at the Battle of Jutland in May 1916, where his flagship HMS ''Marlborough'' was the first ship to engage the Germans but was later torpedoed. He was appointed Second Sea Lord in November 1916 but removed on the grounds of his age in September 1917 and appointed Commander-in-Chief, Coast of Scotland instead. He went on to be Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth after the War. ==Early years== The son of Captain Charles Burney RN and Catherine Elizabeth Burney (née Jones), Burney was born in Saint Saviour, Jersey. He was educated at Burney's Royal Naval Academy, Gosport and then joined the Royal Navy as a cadet in the training ship HMS ''Britannia'' in July 1871.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sir Cecil Burney )〕 Promoted midshipman in October 1873, he was assigned to the battleship HMS ''Repulse'', flagship of the Pacific Station and, after promotion to sub-lieutenant on 18 October 1877, he transferred to the troopship HMS ''Serapis'' in January 1879.〔Heathcote, p. 36〕 He joined the Royal Yacht HMY ''Victoria and Albert II'' in June 1879 and was promoted lieutenant on 30 August 1879. Burney joined the corvette HMS ''Carysfort'' in the Mediterranean Fleet in September 1880 and served ashore in command of a Gatling gun team as part of a naval brigade and saw action at the Battle of Tell al-Mahuta in August 1882 and the Battle of Kassasin also in August 1882 during the Anglo-Egyptian War.〔 He then also accompanied Sir Charles Warren's expedition in pursuit of the murderers of Professor Edward Palmer and his associates.〔 He went on to serve in operations against Osman Digna who was threatening Suakin in Spring 1884 during the Mahdist War.〔 Burney returned to Portsmouth to attend the gunnery school HMS ''Excellent'' in September 1884 and then joined the staff at the gunnery training ship HMS ''Cambridge'' at Devonport in June 1886.〔 He became gunnery officer first in the battleship HMS ''Bellerophon'' on the North America and West Indies Station in August 1887, then in the cruiser HMS ''Comus'' on the same station in April 1889 and finally in the armoured cruiser HMS ''Immortalité'' in the Channel Squadron in January 1892.〔 Promoted commander on 1 January 1893, he became Executive Officer in the cruiser HMS ''Hawke'' in the Mediterranean Fleet in May 1893.〔 In January 1896 he went on to be commanding officer of the boys' training establishment at Portland first in the training ship HMS ''Boscawen'' and then in the training ship HMS ''Minotaur'' and was promoted captain on 1 January 1898. In September 1899 Burney took command of his old ship HMS ''Hawke'' and in 1900 became the captain of cruiser HMS ''Sappho'', initially on the North American Station, but soon transferred to the Cape of Good Hope Station for operational service in the Second Boer War.〔 HMS ''Sappho'' struck the Durban bar on 3 May 1901, although she was under the command of a pilot at the time and Burney was not to blame, and returned to the United Kingdom for repairs.〔 On 27 May 1902 he was appointed in command of the pre-dreadnought battleship HMS ''Resolution'', as Flag Captain to Rear-Admiral George Atkinson-Willes, Second-in-Command of the Home Fleet. The following September he was appointed to HMS ''Empress of India'' in the same capacity, and he remained with Atkinson-Willes´ successor Rear-Admiral Edmund Poë until June 1904.〔 He became commanding officer of the battleship HMS ''Triumph'' in the Home Fleet in June 1904 and commanding officer of the training establishment HMS ''Impregnable'' as inspecting captain of boys' training ships in July 1905.〔Heathcote, p. 37〕 He became a naval aide-de-camp to the King on 17 October 1906. Promoted rear-admiral on 10 October 1907, Burney was given command of the Plymouth Division of the Home Fleet.〔 He became commander of the 5th Cruiser Squadron in the Atlantic Fleet, with his flag in the armoured cruiser HMS ''Good Hope'', in February 1911 and Commander-in-Chief of the Atlantic Fleet with his flag in the battleship HMS ''Prince of Wales'' and with the rank of acting vice-admiral, in September 1911.〔 He transferred to the command of the 3rd Battle Squadron in the Mediterranean Fleet, with his flag in the battleship HMS ''King Edward VII'', in April 1912 and was promoted to the substantive rank of vice-admiral on 20 September 1912. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cecil Burney」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|